中国循证医学杂志

中国循证医学杂志

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上饶市长期照护老年人日常生活能力现状调查及影响因素分析

许薷丹 , 周小军 , 黄博抒 , 石璐 , 周海霞 , 康旭

南昌大学公共卫生学院，江西省预防医学重点实验室（南昌 330006）

收稿日期: 2018-09-09;  修回日期:2018-12-14; 

基金项目: 中国人寿保险股份有限公司上饶分公司专项资金（编号：ZGRSJXFGS015）

通讯作者: 周小军, Email: zxj12zxj@sohu.com

The activities of daily living status and influencing factors for the elderly of long-term care in Shangrao City

XU Rudan , ZHOU Xiaojun , HUANG Boshu , SHI Lu , ZHOU Haixia , KANG Xu

School of Public Health, Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Preventive Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, P.R.China

Corresponding Author: ZHOU Xiaojun, Email: zxj12zxj@sohu.com

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目的 调查江西省上饶市长期照护老年人日常生活能力现状及其影响因素，为开展老年人长期照护保险提供依据。 方法 2018 年 3～4 月采用整群抽样方法对江西省上饶市 12 个县（市、区）60 岁及以上老年人进行问卷调查，分为老年人一般人口学特征调查表和日常生活能力调查表。 结果 共调查 1 087 名老年人，平均年龄为 77.75±8.12 岁，日常生活能力总分平均为 70.6±21.4 分。年龄越大者日常生活能力越差（P<0.001）；文化程度高者日常生活能力相对较差（P<0.001）；有配偶者生活能力较差（P<0.05）。多元线性回归分析结果显示，年龄（P<0.001）、文化程度（P<0.001）、有无配偶（P<0.05）、低保和低收入（P<0.05）等均是影响老年人日常生活能力得分的重要因素。 结论 年龄、文化程度、有无配偶、低保、低收入、患慢病、户籍是影响上饶市长期照护老年人日常生活能力的主要危险因素。未来建立长期照护保险制度时应根据老年人的慢病、年龄、有无配偶等因素来确定相应的长期照护标准评分体系及补偿标准。

Objectives To investigate and analyze the activities of daily living status and influencing factors for the elderly of long-term care in Shangrao City of Jiangxi Province, and provide a basis for Shangrao City to carry out long-term care insurance for the elderly. Methods Cluster sampling was used to investigate the elderly aged 60 and over in 12 counties (cities, districts)of Shangrao, including the elderly general demographic characteristics and activity of daily living survey. Results A total of 1 087 elderly people were surveyed, with an average age of 77.75±8.12 and a total 70.6±21.4 score of activity of daily living. Comparing different age groups, the elder age group had a worse activity of daily living (P<0.001). Those with a higher education level had relatively poor activity of daily living (P<0.001), and those with spouse also had poor activity of daily living (P<0.05). Multiple linear regression analysis showed that age (P<0.001), education level (P<0.001), marital status (P<0.05) and income level (P<0.05) were important factors affecting the scores of activity of daily living of the elderly. Conclusions Age, education level, marital status, low-income situation, chronic disease, and household registration are the main risk factors affecting the score of the long-term care of the elderly in daily life. The establishment of a long-term care insurance system should be based on chronic diseases, age, marital status and other factors to determine the corresponding long-term care standard scoring system and compensation standards.

关键词: 日常生活能力; 老年人; 长期照护; 影响因素

Key words: Activity of daily living; The elderly; Long-term care; Influencing factor

引用本文： 许薷丹, 周小军, 黄博抒, 石璐, 周海霞, 康旭. 上饶市长期照护老年人日常生活能力现状调查及影响因素分析. 中国循证医学杂志, 2019, 19(2): 135-139. doi: 10.7507/1672-2531.201809057 复制

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